History Of The Amputation Procedure Health And Social Care Essay

Fitting to WebMD â€Å" a removal is the remotion of part or the entirety of a natural structure partition encased by covering. Removals are performed to take horrible tissue or to lighten harming † . The primary removals were acted in the Neolithic occasions, the principal recorded case of a removal and prosthetic supplanting medical procedure shows up in the book of the Vedas. A large portion of the main removals happened during times of war, where injury to the limbs was extremely normal. During the American Civil War on the off chance that you were shot in the storage compartment there was an incredible open door that you would perish, however on the off chance that you were shot in a member, fastest and most basic choice was removal. At the point when accessible the common war sawboness put Chloroform on a texture, so the texture was held over the casualty ‘s oral pit and nose until the individual got oblivious. On account of the huge figure of hurt fighters the sawboness became specialists with removals, the greater part of the clasp the removals could be acted in around 10 proceedingss. The sawboness were non stimulating, in light of the fact that there was a deficiency of H2O consequently they put forth no attempt to wash authorities or instruments between medical procedures, regardless of the entirety of this the endurance pace of the amputees was at around 75 % . The heft of the Civil War sawboness took in this procedure from this book â€Å" The Practic e of Surgery † , by Samuel Cooper. This book was the â€Å" How To † book of executing removals for the sawboness. This book talks about the measure by mark approaches to remove the leg, underneath the articulatio variety, the arm, and the fingers and toes. A portion of the instruments that the Civil War sawboness utilized were the pressure swathe, surgical blades, bone adage, and bone childs. The pressure swathe was utilized to reduce the progression of blood during a removal procedure. The surgical blade was utilized to do scratchs in the covering. The bone axiom were utilized to slice straight through bone, and musculus. The bone childs were utilized to take matchwoods from the bone that the bone maxim could hold caused. Today there are various kinds of removals ; they are first arranged under upper appendage removals, and lower appendage removals. The upper appendage removals include: removal of single figures, various digit removal, metacarpal removal, wrist disarticulation, lower arm ( trans-spiral ) removal, elbow disarticulation, above-elbow ( trans-humeral ) removal, shoulder disarticulation, and forequarter removal. Removal of single figures is the remotion of a finger ; this will do the patient issue hold oning objects. Numerous digit removal is the remotion of at least two fingers, hold oning capacity might be supported if the sawbones is capable recreate the musculus. Metacarpal removal is the finished remotion of the manus, with the carpus still vital ; with this kind of removal there is no capacity to hang on. Wrist disarticulation is the remotion of the full manus up to the level of the carpus enunciation. Lower arm ( trans-outspread ) removal this is the remotion span, it is ordered by the size of the staying stump ; as the stump length diminishes so does the capacity for the patient to spin their lower arm. Elbow disarticulation is the remotion of the full lower arm up to the cubitus ; the patient despite everything has the capacity of keeping weight. Above-elbow ( trans-humeral ) removal is the remotion of the humourous wherever over the cubitus and underneath the shoulder ; prosthetic gadget could be utilized if there is some length left on the humourous. Shoulder disarticulation is the remotion the of the full arm, the shoulder bone despite everything remains and the neckline bone may or may non be expelled. Forequarter removal is the remotion of the full arm, shoulder bone, and neckline bone, ordinarily some bone is left so as to append a prosthetic gadgets. The lower appendage removals include: foot removals, lower leg disarticulation ( Syme removal ) , beneath knee ( trans-tibial ) removal, knee-bearing removal, above-knee ( trans-femoral ) removal, and hip disarticulation. Foot removals are the remotion of any bit or part of the pes including toes, and mid-tarsal ; this kind of removal may affect equalization and strolling. Lower leg disarticulation ( Syme removal ) is the remotion of the full mortise joint ; with this sort of removal the casualty can in any case assemble without a prosthetic gadgets. Underneath knee ( trans-tibial ) removal is the remotion of the shinbone over the mortise joint, however beneath the articulatio class ; casualties keep the utilization of the articulatio sort, yet have issue seting weight on the stump. Knee-bearing removal is the finished remotion of the lower leg ; it is ordinarily increasingly difficult to make a prosthetic gadget for this sort of removal. Above-knee ( trans-femoral ) removal is the remotion of the thighbone up to the level of the thigh ; the casualty can in any case sit with this kind of removal. Hip disarticulation is the remotion of the full leg ; sawboness attempt to go forward e ach piece a great part of the thighbone as conceivable so as to join a prosthetic gadget. With all the removals, upper and lower members, the sawbones will try to go forward each piece a lot of bone as conceivable so as to append a prosthetic gadget. In the United States totally there are more than 350,000 amputees, and more than 135,000 removals happening every twelvemonth. In the United States the taking reason for removals is sickness ( 70 % ) , the second driving reason is injury ( 22 % ) , inherent or birth surrenders ( 4 % ) , and tumors ( 4 % ) . The most widely recognized maladies and conditions that can do a removal are fringe vein infection, blood vessel intercalation, weakened course as a difficulty of diabetes mellitus, sphacelus, awful cryopathy, Raynaud ‘s ailment, and Buerger ‘s illness. More than 90 % of all illness doing removals are because of circulative confusions of diabetes. 60-80 % of these removals include the lower extremities. Fringe arteria illness causes removals by the blood vass indurating that makes the blood be obstructed from making tissues in the natural structure ‘s members ; due to this these tissues at long amazing, causes the interest for a removal. Blood vessel intercalatio n makes a blood coagulum compose which hinders the progression of blood thus makes the tissue perish and require to be excised. Diabetess mellitus is where non satisfactory insulin is delivered by the natural structure and hapless dissemination happens as an outcome of the diabetes, the hapless course can do tissue to expire, which would so require to be cut off. Gangrene is the perish and rot of one time living tissue, the dead tissue is expelled through a removal. Frostbite is when tissue on the natural structure freezes, following in hoar chomp, in horrendous cases the tissue bites the dust thus would hold to be expelled through a removal. Raynaud ‘s sickness is an illness to a great extent found in juvenile grown-up females, it causes decreased blood stream to the extremities ; this could so do the tissue in the limbs to perish. Buerger ‘s illness is a roundabout sickness that causes redness and obstacle of the venas and arterias of the limbs, ordinarily only happens in work powers under age 40, who smoke, this infection may require removal of the authorities or pess. The second prima reason for a removal is injury. Fitting to Merriam-Webster injury is a harmed ( as a sore ) to populating tissue brought about by an outward specialist. There are various conceivable injury, they can occur with however are non restricted to car collisions, horrible Burnss and discharge injuries. During a horrendous hurt, blood vass and other natural structure tissue constituents are torn or torn past fix by these sorts of damages, go forthing no other choice however removal. Another reason for a removal is an inborn or birth imperfection removal. Inborn removals happen in the uterus while the darling is as yet creating ; blood stream to an appendage can go confined as a result of other tissue. As an outcome the appendage could be lost and the darling is brought into the world with an inalienable removal. The other reason for removals are by tumors. People groups w ith harmful neoplastic malady that have dangerous tumors, need to remove the nation in which the tumor is, so as to thwart the threatening neoplastic ailment to additionally spread to different pieces of the natural structure. Experiencing a removal effectsly affects the natural structure, both mental and physical. These impacts are occurring when the medical procedure. Numerous new amputees have a hard clasp with covering with the departure of an appendage which has been with them since birth, only holding to work without something that you have had dish to as long as you can remember is a horrible accident in of its inner self. At the point when individuals are informed that they are heading out to require a removal the most widely recognized response is stun. A large number of the casualties experience a time of forswearing, the individuals think â€Å" this ca n't go on to me † or â€Å" I wo n't permit you make this to me. † Many amputees may other than create choler towards themselves, adored 1s and God. Amputees contemplate internally â€Å" why me? † Many of the new amputees face being stressed over the stinging during medical procedure and during the recuperation time frame. B efore the medical procedure the patients attempt to â€Å" barter † with God, the sawbones, or both to stop the interest for the removal. After this accomplishes n't work ordinarily the patient starts to hold side effects of melancholy. A great many people in the terminal figure out how to get by with the loss of their appendage and acknowledge what has occurred. The removal will hold a significant effect on the patient ‘s mental self portrait, which could be certain or negative. A portion of the amputees may encounter a more prominent sentiment of solidarity created in the endeavor to show signs of improvement of the losingss which have happened

Dating Younger Men Whats in It for You

Demi Moore, Madonna, Halle Berry, Mariah Carey, what do these names share for all intents and purpose beside being celebrated? They have all dated fundamentally more youthful men. These ladies are continually going to parties, occasions, red floor coverings, meeting a large number of individuals, so what caused them to pick the little youngster over such a large number of alluring, fascinating men around their age? They are â€Å"cougars† a few people would state, a term alluding to ladies dating more youthful man, that as per sex and connections editorialist and essayist Valerie Gibson was started in Vancouver, British Columbia, as â€Å"a put-down for more established ladies who might go to bars and return home with whoever was left toward the night's end. † Twenty years back this would have been taken a gander at as odd and strange, yet it’s turning out to be increasingly regular consistently. In 2003 an examination by AARP uncovered that 34 percent of all ladies more than 40 in the study were dating more youthful men, and 35 percent favored it to dating more established men. The latest U. S. Registration Bureau figures show that 12 percent of all relationships were between more established ladies and more youthful men. What is all the rage about? What makes these little fellows so engaging more seasoned women? A portion of the reasons why ladies appreciate dating more youthful men are the control they can apply over them, their sexual compassion, and the sentiment of being more youthful. The primary delicious little attribute these ladies appreciate is having more power over their accomplice on the off chance that he is more youthful than with a man at a similar age. More seasoned men are stuck in a rut of reasoning, and as a result of past encounters, they have shaped their character and character and are not hoping to change that. Youngsters are all the more ready to learn and being determined what to do by their lady can give them a feeling of solidness and insurance, which is additionally engaging for them. A few ladies have a nurturing intuition that can be fulfilled by dating somebody more youthful, who they can deal with and simultaneously instruct them. English essayist Oliver James shares an idea in his article, â€Å"Why are such a significant number of more seasoned ladies into dating youthful men†: â€Å"They can utilize their shrewdness to support their youngsters, while receiving a great deal back consequently. Numerous youngsters additionally appreciate this element of dating a more seasoned woman, which permits them to learn new things and be with a sure lady. (125) Furthermore, another significant factor that these ladies are pulled in to is the vibe of feeling youthful once more. Dating a more youthful man can return them to their school years and can even expand their sense of self and mental self view by understanding that they despite everything draw in light of a legitimate concern for a youngster. This is the sensation these ladies experience while dating more youthful men; in the expressions of Dr. Jennifer Berman, urologist and master in women’s sexual wellbeing, â€Å"feeling lovely, feeling alluring, feeling youthful. Being acknowledged as a lady for all that you are and all that you’ve scholarly and all that you’ve become. This energizes high confidence, making them significantly increasingly alluring to their accomplice. Last however absolutely not least, the similarity under the sheets. More seasoned ladies and more youthful men before long understand that they share something practically speaking that improves the relationship so much, their sex drive. Online section essayist Chuck Ross, calls attention to in his article, â€Å"The Sexual Peak Myth†, how â€Å"men hit their sexual top at 18 years old while ladies hit theirs at 30-35. † He further clarifies that â€Å"despite actually no logical help for this hypothesis, this has become â€Å"common knowledge† in our general public. This bodes well, a ladies who is dating a more established man, perhaps in his 40’s or 50’s may have a similar understanding taste, appreciate tuning in to a similar music and offer their enthusiasm on visiting exhibition halls everywhere throughout the world, however with regards to the room, they may be going in totally different ways. This issue is clearly non existent with youthful studs. Self broadcasted cougar and creator of Hot Cougar Sex Llona Paris, shares her perspective: â€Å"Flirting with and bedding a hot more youthful person can touch off a woman’s certainty. Furthermore, consideration from a wonderful more seasoned lady will stroke a man’s sense of self. A cougar comprehends what she needs, especially in the room. Furthermore, as a result of her involvement with the boudoir, she has a ton to share, which is fascinating for more youthful men. † (78) Yvonne K. Fulright, an author for Fox News site, on her article â€Å"Sink your teeth into the cougar†, reflects about how youngsters are excited by their solid certainty, less restrained character and more develop sexuality than more youthful young ladies. This makes them look in charge and secure about themselves, and they are not modest about sharing what the like in bed, and demonstrating it to their young accomplices. This further examination enables the peruser to see surprisingly better, why youngsters are more than ready to try having a relationship with a more established ladies. Its reasonable why a few ladies settle on this decision, having the option to control their accomplice gives them a suspicion that all is well and good, the advantages of feeling everlastingly youthful, and the energy of a having an ideal match inside the room. This reasons can make a consistent enduring connection between a more established ladies and a more youthful man, as opposed to what was accepted years back, an effective relationship doesn’t must be made out of a more seasoned increasingly experienced man and a more youthful wome

Lonely Miss Brill the Eavesdropper

Miss Brill by Katherine Mansfield is about a moderately aged English instructor who covertly tunes in to others' discussion because of her dejection. Consistently Miss Brill goes out to the procession in a recreation center and tunes in to others' discussion since she has no one to converse with yet her fur garment. She prizes her fur garment as though it's her pet and has discussions with it. Towards the finish of the story, she understands that no one enjoys her, in this way she returns home into her dim room and cries.Katherine Mansfield, utilizes symbolism, portrayal, and perspective uses these three scholarly components to illuminate the significance regarding the lonliness. The writer utilizes symbolism for the peruser to all the more likely comprehend the story and to make the apperance of her dejection. In the start of the story, the creator states â€Å"She had removed it from its crate that evening, shaken out the moth powder†¦ scoured the life once more into the dimi nish little eyes. † (Mansfield 1)Here, Miss Brill takes out her fur garment and begins to converse with it and pets it as though it is her pet.From this, the peruser can outwardly decipher that Miss Brill had no companions or family to converse with when she was lonley. Moreover, towards the finish of the story, a young lady at the recreation center says, â€Å"It's actually similar to a singed whiting. â€Å"(Mansfield 4) The peruser can imagine the story the creator expected on how the young lady at the recreation center ridicules Miss Brill of her fur garment saying that it would appear that seared fish. Subsequent to hearing this, Miss Brill returns home and cries in her dim room. Furthermore, the writer utilizes perspective for the peruser to step into the primary characters' shoes.In the start of the story, when Miss Brill went to the recreation center to watch the motorcade, the writer states â€Å"Wasn't the conductor wearing another coat, as well? She sure it was n ew. † (Mansfield 1) From this statement, the peruser can see that she went to the motorcade regularly, enough to comprehend what the bandsmen wore each end of the week to perform. Besides, the creator states â€Å"But to-day she cruised the cook's by, climbed the steps, went into the little dull room-her room like a cupboard†¦ She stayed there for a long time.† (Mansfield 4)After returning from the procession, getting ridiculed, she goes to her room feeling discouraged and cries without anyone else. Ultimately, from the begininng of the story, the peruser can tell that Miss Brill had a one of a kind character. From talking and petting her fur garment, to spying, her character is somewhat not the same as others. Her lonliness could have lead her to listen in on individuals and have a fur garment as her companion. The writer states, â€Å"This was frustrating, for Miss Brill consistently looked foward to the conversation.† (Mansfield 1), to show her lonliness. In this statement, the peruser can see that Miss Brill got a kick out of the chance to converse with individuals and regardless of whether she wasn't in the discussion, she might want to hear them out. Moreover, he creator states â€Å"How she delighted in it! How she cherished staying there, watching everything! It resembled a play. † (Mansfield 3) This statement is clarifying how she delighted in the procession as though it was a play. The peruser can see that she engaged herself by setting off to the recreation center each end of the week to disregard her loneliness.The writer effectively utilized these three artistic components for the perusers to all the more likely comprehend the story, to make the presence of her lonliness and picture decipher what the writer was meaning to state. Writers utilizing abstract components in their story is significant on the grounds that they can send what they're attempting to state to the perusers effectively with the scholarly component s. Moreover, it is essential to the perusers on the grounds that the peruser's can all the more likely comprehend the story and relate the story to the world. Perusing this story, perusers can comprehend individuals who also are forlorn and step into their perspective to comprehend their emotions.

William Grant Still free essay sample

Still was self-trained in saxophone, clarinet, and cello alongside a collection of different instruments while additionally taking violin exercises. A man with humble beginnings, William Grant Still turned into the main individual of African plunge to lead a significant American Symphony (William Still). Still is generally renowned for his Symphony No. 1 Afro-American†. He was the principal African-American man to compose an ensemble and afterward have it performed by the main Rochester Philharmonic Orchestra. Still likewise composed Operas, however they never picked up the reputation of his previously mentioned ensemble. He created such shows as Troubled Island and A Bayou Legend. Still became well known during when African Americans were mistreated. William Grant Still was hitched to Verna Arvey, who had a major impact in his music. They were hitched in Mexico because of the way that interracial marriage was unlawful in the United States. Still resisted every single social shame and turned into a man who separated hindrances in music and battled uniformity (J. We will compose a custom article test on William Grant Still or then again any comparable point explicitly for you Don't WasteYour Time Recruit WRITER Just 13.90/page Smith). The rundown of his momentous accomplishments ranges from being the main African-American to lead an orchestra in the Deep South to being the first to have an ensemble broadcast over a national system. Still was a pioneer in the Modern period of music in the mid twentieth century by making music that intrigues the entirety of the greats, however had an unmistakable American impact to it. When William Grant Still kicked the bucket on December 3, 1978, a lot of his work was overlooked. Today, his music has been rediscovered and he is refered to as â€Å"the Dean† of African-American arrangers (William Grant Still). He composed the music for the dubious drama, Troubled Island, while his significant other, Verna Arvey, alongside Langston Hughes composed the lyrics. The Troubled Island, recounts to the tale of Jean Jacques Dessalines and his degenerate authority in the Haitian upset. In the wake of announcing himself sovereign of Haiti, he is in the end killed by adversaries of his system. The Opera was generally welcomed and collected 20 drapery calls after its first execution. Pundits panned show and which made it close after just three exhibitions. The opera’s score blended present day American impacts in with local Haitian impacts to make an artful culmination (Murchison 42-74). Still’s most notable Opera was A Bayou Legend. This drama would in the end become a TV film that would in the end revive enthusiasm for Still’s inventory of music. The story includes the lovely and spiteful Clothilde as she sanctions an arrangement of retribution against Bazile, a man who doesn't restore her fondness. Clothilde attempts her hardest to pick up his warmth, however at long last, her sentiments pathetic by Bazile, she organizes a plan which prompts Bazile being lynched. The Opera was granted the differentiation of being his most notable work, and being held as an expressive magnum opus. The lyrics was composed by his significant other, and long-term colleague and spouse, Verna Arvey (Smith 23-56). As I would see it, William Grant Still is by a wide margin one of the most powerful writers in American Music. His music, maintained a great deal of the convictions that he was educated and exhibited the African-American battle, while likewise speaking to a more extensive open. Still was a genuine craftsman, who additionally worked with W. C. Convenient as his arranger.

Reflecting on critique Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Pondering study - Essay Example It has been contended that it is described by the conceivable outcomes of machines. Eiffel tower configuration is exceptionally fascinating in light of the fact that â€Å"many innovator developments were keen on delivering workmanship and engineering that causes to notice the procedure of development engaged with making the articles and expressions. 1 This can be seen unmistakably from the Eiffel tower, despite the fact that it is an old structure the draftsmen behind the plan of the structure needed to bid individuals by having an interesting plan that catches the human consideration. Lyotard’s contends that there is a conflation of workmanship and theory. This is on the grounds that before structuring an item a draftsman should most importantly imagine what the individual in question needs to plan. Post innovation achieves the impacts that come about due to having a focal center being fascination instead of building a solid structure that can withstand the trial of time.2 In spite of the fact that there has been charge that postmodernism isn't surely known today since it there has been clashing reports on which territories it covers, which can be found in â€Å"all expressions of the human experience, verse of John Ashberry for example as all the arts† 3 One of the most significant highlights of postmodernism is pastiche. Pastiche includes impersonation of different types of craftsmanship. How ve, impersonation of different types of craftsmanship isn't right since we will keep creating similar styles every year. What's more, it likewise confines inventiveness. In this way, most modelers have been debilitated from replicating different people’s work. In any case, the connection among plan and reasoning comes out obviously in Eiffel towers. The modelers who structured Eiffel towers attempted to consolidate reasoning in planning a structure. This is obvious from the quantity of voyagers who visit France so as to see Eiffel

Learned Helplessness - What It Is and Why It Happens

Learned Helplessness - What It Is and Why It Happens Theories Behavioral Psychology Print What Is Learned Helplessness and Why Does it Happen? By Kendra Cherry facebook twitter Kendra Cherry, MS, is an author, educational consultant, and speaker focused on helping students learn about psychology. Learn about our editorial policy Kendra Cherry Medically reviewed by Medically reviewed by Steven Gans, MD on June 19, 2016 Steven Gans, MD is board-certified in psychiatry and is an active supervisor, teacher, and mentor at Massachusetts General Hospital. Learn about our Medical Review Board Steven Gans, MD Updated on January 08, 2020 Verywell / Nusha Ashjaee More in Theories Behavioral Psychology Cognitive Psychology Developmental Psychology Personality Psychology Social Psychology Biological Psychology Psychosocial Psychology In This Article Table of Contents Expand Overview History Adults Children Mental Health Conditions Overcoming View All Back To Top When bad things happen, we like to believe that we would do whatever necessary to change the situation. Research on what is known as learned helplessness has shown that when people feel like they have no control over what happens, they tend to simply give up and accept their fate. What Is Learned Helplessness? Learned helplessness occurs when an animal is repeatedly subjected to an aversive stimulus that it cannot escape. Eventually, the animal will stop trying to avoid the stimulus and behave as if it is utterly helpless to change the situation. Even when opportunities to escape are presented, this learned helplessness will prevent any action. While the concept is strongly tied to animal psychology and behavior, it can also apply to many situations involving human beings. When people feel that they have no control over their situation, they may begin to behave in a helpless manner. This inaction can lead people to overlook opportunities for relief or change. The Discovery of Learned Helplessness The concept of learned helplessness was discovered accidentally by psychologists  Martin Seligman  and Steven F. Maier. They had initially observed helpless behavior in dogs that were classically conditioned to expect an electrical shock after hearing a tone. Later, the dogs were placed in a shuttlebox that contained two chambers separated by a low barrier. The floor was electrified on one side, and not on the other. The dogs previously subjected to the  classical conditioning  made no attempts to escape, even though avoiding the shock simply involved jumping over a small barrier. To investigate this phenomenon, the researchers then devised another experiment. In group one, the dogs were strapped into harnesses for a period of time and then released.The dogs in the second group were placed in the same harnesses but were subjected to electrical shocks that could be avoided by pressing a panel with their noses.The third group received the same shocks as those in group two, except that those in this group were not able to control the shock. For those dogs in the third group, the shocks seemed to be completely random and outside of their control. The dogs were then placed in a shuttlebox. Dogs from the first and second group quickly learned that jumping the barrier eliminated the shock. Those from the third group, however, made no attempts to get away from the shocks. Due to their previous experience, they had developed a cognitive expectation that nothing they did would prevent or eliminate the shocks. Learned Helplessness in People The impact of learned helplessness has been demonstrated in different animal species, but its effects can also be seen in people. Consider one often-used example: A child who performs poorly on math tests and assignments will quickly begin to feel that  nothing  he does will have any effect on his math performance. When later faced with any type of math-related task, he may experience a sense of helplessness. Learned helplessness has also been associated with several different psychological disorders. Depression, anxiety,  phobias, shyness, and  loneliness  can all be exacerbated by learned helplessness. For example, a woman who feels shy in social situations may eventually begin to feel that there is nothing she can do to overcome her symptoms. This sense that her symptoms are out of her direct control may lead her to stop trying to engage herself in social situations, thus making her shyness even more pronounced. Researchers have found, however, that learned helplessness does not always generalize across all settings and situations. A student who experiences learned helpless with regards to math class will not necessarily experience that same helplessness when faced with performing calculations in the real world. In other cases, people may experience learned helplessness that generalizes across a wide variety of situations. The Role of Explanatory Styles So what explains why some people develop learned helplessness and others do not? Why is it specific to some situations but more global in others? Many researchers believe that attribution or explanatory styles play a role in determining how people are impacted by learned helplessness. This view suggests that an individuals characteristic style of explaining events helps determine whether or not they will develop learned helplessness. A pessimistic explanatory style is associated with a greater likelihood of experiencing learned helplessness. People with this explanatory style tend to view negative events as being inescapable and unavoidable and tend to take personal responsibility for such negative events. Learned Helplessness in Children Learned helpless often originates in childhood, and unreliable or unresponsive caregivers can contribute to these feelings. This learned helplessness can begin very early in life. Children raised in institutionalized settings, for example, often exhibit symptoms of helplessness even during infancy. When children need help but no one comes to their aid, they may be left feeling that nothing they do will change their situation. Repeated experiences that bolster these feelings of helplessness and hopelessness can result in growing into adulthood ultimately feeling that there is nothing one can do to change his or her problems. Some common symptoms of learned helplessness in children include: Low self-esteemPassivityPoor motivationGiving upLack of effortFrustrationProcrastinationFailure to ask for help Learned helplessness can also result in anxiety, depression, or both. When kids feel that theyve had no control over the past events of their lives, they gain the expectation that future events will be just as uncontrollable. Because they believe that nothing they do will ever change the outcome of an event, kids are often left thinking that they should not even bother trying. Academic struggles can often lead to feelings of learned helplessness. A child who makes an effort to do well but still does poorly may end up feeling that he has no control over his grades or performance. Since nothing he does seems to make any difference, he will stop trying and his grades will suffer even more. Such problems can also affect other areas of the childs life. His poor performance in school can make him feel that nothing he does is right or useful, so he may lose the motivation to try in other areas of his life as well. Learned Helplessness in Mental Health Learned helplessness is thought to contribute to feelings of anxiety and may influence the onset, severity, and persistence of conditions such as generalized anxiety disorder (GAD). When you experience chronic anxiety, you may eventually give up on finding relief because your anxious feelings seem unavoidable and untreatable. Because of this, people who are experiencing mental health issues such as anxiety or depression may refuse medications or therapy that may help relieve their symptoms. As people age, learned helplessness can become something of a vicious cycle. When encountering problems such as anxiety or depression, people may feel that nothing can be done to ease these feelings. People then fail to seek out options that may help which then contributes to greater feelings of helplessness and anxiety. Overcoming Learned Helplessness So what can people do to overcome learned helplessness?  Research suggests that learned helplessness can be successfully decreased, particularly if intervention occurs during early onset. Long-term learned helplessness can also be reduced, although it may require longer-term effort. Therapy can be effective in reducing symptoms of learned helplessness. In one study, for example, some participants were asked to try to complete an unsolvable task. Those who received a therapeutic intervention after failing at the task were more likely to try again and successfully complete a follow-up task. Those who did not receive an intervention were more likely to experience learned helplessness and give up. So what can people do to overcome learned helplessness? Cognitive-behavioral therapy  is form of psychotherapy that can be beneficial in overcoming the thinking and behavioral patterns that contribute to learned helplessness. The goal of CBT is to help patients identify negative thought patterns that contribute to feelings of learned helplessness and then replace these thoughts with more optimistic and rational thoughts. This process often involves carefully analyzing what you are thinking, actively challenging these ideas, and disputing negative thought patterns. A Word From Verywell Learned helplessness can have a profound impact on mental health and well-being. People who experience learned helplessness are also likely to experience symptoms of  depression, elevated stress levels, and less  motivation  to take care of their physical health. Not everyone responds to experiences the same way. Some people are more likely to experience learned helplessness in the face of uncontrollable events, often due to biological and psychological factors. Children raised by helpless parents, for example, are also more likely to experience learned helplessness. If you feel that learned helplessness might be having a negative impact on your life and health, consider talking to your doctor about steps you can take to address this type of thinking. Further evaluation can lead to an accurate diagnosis and treatment that can help you replace your negative thought patterns with more positive ones. Such treatment may allow you to replace feelings of learned helplessness with a sense of learned optimism instead.

Notes about how to write a dialogue step by step

May 31, 2019 In order to help you write a successful and comprehensive dialogue, we have examined, compiled and put in this article all instructions to help you out. It includes all fundamental techniques used to develop a good dialogue. Reading this article will enrich you with you with the needs of dialogue, the various categories and outstanding techniques employed in writing of dialogue and the inspiration that comes in dialogue writing. Going through this article will increase your professional skills in developing dialogue. Before we further dwell into dialogue writing, we need to affirm our fundamental ability; it is important first to consider defining and giving a history of dialogue writing. Dialogue definition It is a conversation involving more than one person in debates, books, films, plays or reality. A dialogue performs different aims, whether in fantastic or non- fanciful tales dialogue forms suspense and even flow development. The rapport with readers will be enhanced once a dialogue in a tale is engaging. On the other hand, in a novel writing, more than just a conversation is demanded in a dialogue. A productive discussion is written out a particular story, intrigues and also informs. Unlike in verbal communications, the written discussion is more engaging as the reader does not have the auditory clues concerning the event (Tips How to Write A Recommendation Letter A Research Guide, 2019). Therefore, correct punctuation and dialogue grammar application must be used to bring out the understated shades of oral communication. Having this knowledge in mind, now we can proceed to the various steps employed in dialogue writing. Dialogue categories In reference to earlier outstanding men laws and the past, basically, there are two categories of dialogues. The egalitarian dialogue: For this category, contributions are taken into consideration in the line of validity rather than the occupied position. This type originated from America and stood on the grounds of equality. Structure one: In this class, actors are asked to follow a specific framework. This form of dialogue is reserved in nature. It solves complex problems. Illustrations: how you can edit a dialogue Due to the complexity of dialogue, people may find it tricky to format. More than style, the rules of dialogue formatting are a little bit more unlike but can be absorbed to the mind. However, whether the dialogue comes in between a short story, a narrative and even different dialogue, rules involved in its format remain constant. The following are the rules that will direct you in a dialogue formatting. Always close using quotation marks when you are composing your dialogue for the United States, apply single quotation marks if you are writing for a British. For instance; I am always moved in your writing.Dialogue quotes should be placed before and after the quotes and separated by a comma. Example: James said, I will give my best. Do not fail me, whispered James. Action may happen before or after a dialogue begins and it is always written in a new sentence. For example, if Joan yelled out and then spoke; you can frame it as illustrated below: Joan screamed. Ooh my God! It is important to understand that a comma is used instead of a full stop if the word came out from Joan (it falls under that one sentence). Joan yelled, Ooh help me, God! At any point whereby a dialogue ends with a question or an exclamation mark, the following tag starts in a lower case. Example, Whats up? she asked. Single quotes should be applied whenever you want to say something in between your dialogue for the case of United States, but in an instance that you are composing it in Britain, always alternate the application of these quotes either single or double. Jefferson giggled then looked at him. The moment the ghost jumped away and whispered, ‘you! the noise you made is of a baby. In every adventure, a dialogue finishes with an ellipsis, do not add other punctuation or comma. Punctuation always comes within the quotes. Teresa covered her mouth. Ooh no! She looked like one who has seen a ghost. Did you observe it? She looked in the dim sphere. It is my opinion that you get back to after your company and I will. her voice shifted off. Apply lowercase for a sentence that has been interfered with by an action inside the dialogue, and it can be applied in the first letter of the second part. For example; I understood, she changed her tone to a whisper, what you were saying. Begin a new paragraph, any time you alternate speakers. In every adventure, the speaker performs different actions related to the dialogue. Encompass everything in the same section. The purpose of this rule is to help indicate a change of character for readers, as often, they lose track on which character is talking. This helps keep the flow to readers. Make these paragraphs first line first in line with all the other paragraphs. For example, Did she beat you up? Joan queried, gazing at the deep cut at Stellas arm. I injured myself. She juggled her brain in the formulation of a story. I fell on the glass. What an idiot! Please, get me well. The fault was mine. Joan then pointed a finger to Stella. Reckless women always possess that behavior. In pity and moved she shook her head. Please follow me. It is my humble suggestion that you come along with me before he returns. In every adventure, the narrator talks so much to initiate a new paragraph, in this, including the quote marks from the start of each section, keep in mind that last speech marks are at the end of last part. John gave details. The yarn is a notable silk-wool blend, a new fabric named Allurotique. Some place it alongside the most expensive silk, Pashmina Silk; but the comparison is off the base. Guide how to write an effective dialogue Compose with the focus of delivering a clear point. Fluently spoken conversations reflect in active dialogue. Since most people do not get too moved by rambling in conversations verbally, a rambling dialogue is not appropriate as well. Often, writers perform mistakes of changing the subjects, or applying filler words like ‘like. Always your dialogue should be in line with the most important issues first. Although, it is to start a phone call with a chit chat, for instance; ‘Hi, howdy or how are you? Combine described tale with dialogue Sometimes, when composition a dialogue, we don’t recall in our minds backdrops together with surrounds in guard. Of a similar situation is the theater backdrop that is pulled away the moment an artist begins to speak. For you to maintain a lively presence, bring a tale that complements, thus founding clear points. Maximize dialogue in trying to bring out the information of a character. A good dialogue moves along character development. Giving out this to characters gives your tale a real picture of authenticity. A dialogue is considered not real and boring if it does not have these various voices incorporated to it. Refrain from inappropriate dialogue tags Inappropriate dialogue tags at times act as a barrier for readers in the case over-usage; it can look illogical on an excellent thinking booklover. Its of great importance to expose the one speaking in a more than one person involving conversation whereby use of tags like as ‘he whispered and ‘she protested can be used. Always bear in mind excess usage of these tags is not recommended For example; ‘Hello, He said. ‘I cant imagine it is you! You have evolved, she said. ‘Sorry I have been lonely for some days now, He said while smiling. The word that has been frequently repeated here is ‘said. This makes the dialogue boring and unnatural to the reader. Alternative words like, in that context, can be applied to avoid repetition. In place of ‘said whispered can be applied as an alternative. Always its professional to make tags as invincible as possible. Apply explicit dialogues to illustrate general situations Apart from applying dialogue as a character development aid, or for advancing your flow, as well it can be implemented as a critical tool in describing a common phenomenon

Reasons Why Students Violate School Rules and Regulations

BICOL UNIVERSITY BUCSSP Legazpi City A Research Paper Presented To BUCAL Faculty in Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements in Writing 10 the Discipline By: AB PHILO - I, MARCH 2012 Chapter I The Problem and its Background PROBLEM Reasons why students violate school rules and regulations INTRODUCTION The researcher was an alumnus from a private secondary school in Legazpi City, he has been observing student violators facing real problems in the school. This give way to decide in this type of study, the willingness and interest to know the reality in students behaviour on what reasons why students violates the rules and regulations inside the school. At present, the researcher of this simple research is a first year student in A.B.†¦show more content†¦Schools provide the guidelines as disciplinary measures for students and for teacher supervisions. No school is exempted from student violators, very school year the school experience the difficulty in schools discipline. Teachers and parents are collaborators in disciplining the violators. DEFINITION OF TERMS The researcher likes to focus on the following definition of terms so as to attain the research better and simple. 1. School, is an institution designed for teaching the students (or pupils) under the direction of teachers. (http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/School)1 2. Student, is someone who attends an educational institution or someone who studies especially at a school. (http://www.thefreedictionary.com/student).2 3. Teacher, is the one who teaches in a school and a person especially hired by the school. (Learner’s Dictionary)3 4. Violations, is to break a law or regulations intentionally or unintentionally. (Webster New Dictionary) 4 5. Parent, is the caretaker of their offspring. (http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Parent)5 RELATED LITERATURE The act of doing something that is not allowed by a law or rule and the act of ignoring or inferring with a person’s rights. (Learner’s Dictionary)6 In like manner, it is been an old story, when teen agers left home for school, they thrill at theShow MoreRelatedThe Cell Phone Education Regulation Act872 Words   |  4 Pagescountry. The Cell Phone Education Regulation Act created by Congress has the authority to develop laws regarding cell phone use in primary schools. As legislative powers cannot be transferred or delegated, was Congress proper in authorizing the Cellular Educational Service the power to enforce certain regulations through criminal penalties to primary school students or was this a violation of improper delegation of powers? By targeting female students more than male students, was the Cellular EducationRead MoreThe Problem. Cyberbullying Is An Unforeseen Consequence1104 Words   |  5 Pagesregular bullying because it is something that can happen twenty-four hours a day, it has no limits. Another reason why this type harassment is an issue is that it can happen anonymously, which makes its origins hard to trace. Children can sometimes be affected negatively by these bullies. These affects are low self-esteem, the start point of drugs and alcohol use, truancy, not wanting to go to school in fear of being harassed more, poor academic progress, and may lead to some health issues, like depressionRead MoreFacial Hair Essay1342 Words   |  6 Pageshair in our school, for some reasoning outside the realm of even our principal, the issue is a heinous act punishable to the fullest extent. Facial hair is a form of self expression and self identification in a young man’s life. When we see half the male p opulation, and the ones we look up to have facial hair. It becomes a social construct in our lives that in essence affects how we see ourselves. It can create a self confidence in one who before had none. With this in mind our school has enforcedRead MorePilot Analysis On Classroom Interaction Data Collected From The Researcher s Ma Project964 Words   |  4 Pagesabout the act of coming late to class of two students, Nhu and Phuc. Opening the sequence of addressing the issue of coming to class late, a discourse marker ‘so’ is used by the teacher incorporating her attitude on the matter (ref). In line (3), it is noticed that Nhu, one of the two late students, has produced turn, which is incongruent with the question posted by the teacher. Instead of telling reasons for the question â€Å"why† from the teacher, student Nhu’s answer is more likely to be a reaffirmationRead MoreSocial Services : For Intake Assessment And Initial Independent Living Plan Essay 1094 Words   |  5 Pagesher 13 year old daughter Sanai McDuffie met with assigned Case Manager Ms. Gilgen for Intake Assessment and Initial Independent Living Plan (ILP). Client is 37 years African American female. Case Manager asked client how and why she became homeless. Client stated that the reason she became home was due eviction. Client stated that she was living with her husband in New Rochelle but due to domestic violence she decided to move to Alabama. Client stated that she was living in Alabama for about a yearRead MorePersuasive Essay On School Uniforms979 Words   |  4 Pagesshould be enforced in schools seems to never conclude. The issue of appropriate clothing in schools is controversial and provoking. Many argue that abolishing a student’s choice in their attire violates their freedom of expression. Students use what they wear to express themselves; their clothing gives them a sense of a unique style and identity. Others argue that permitting students to wear whatever clothing they like can create unnecessary distraction and competition in schools. Above all, both sidesRead MoreEssay on No Tax Dollars for Religious Education661 Words   |  3 Pagesyour money at work.   Do you want your money to go to fund private religious schools?   Tax dollars should not fund religious education because it is a violation of the separation of church and state clause of the first amendment to the constitution. Lately we have seen proposals for vouchers.   These vouchers are public money given to low income family so they may send their kids to private schools.   Most of the schools who use this program are religious.   In the Cleveland voucher program we seeRead MorePoem Bullying Change Analysis1327 Words   |  6 PagesGood behavior can be hidden behind the face of one God’s helper. Antonio is a fourth-grade student who wrote a poem, titled â€Å"Bully...Change,† about what he thought about himself. The poem, titled †Bully...Change,† is about Antonio looking at himself in a mirror and questioning why he has not friends. In addition, Antonio experiences with the mirror resulted in him defining himself as a bully. Antonio makes one heart felt request. Antonio requested that the reflection in the mirror change himRead MoreMandatory Immunization Of Children For School Entry1601 Words   |  7 PagesDuring a survey done by Alexander Capron for his medical journal, â€Å"Personal Beliefs Exemption from Mandatory Immunization of Children for School Entry†, in 1994, schools on average had 0.6% of kindergarten students claiming personal belief exemptions; by 2009, the number was 2.3%. By the 2013–2014 school year, schools, on average, had 3.15% of kindergarten students claiming personal belief exemptions. While these percentages may seem low, they are not evenly distributed: Some communities have much higherRead More Internet Censorship - Just Say No1369 Words   |  6 PagesInternet Censorship: Just Say No    In December of 1994, a young college student named Jake Baker posted one of his fiction pieces in an alt.sex newsgroup. Usually, his contributions to this widely-read site consisted of short stories about rape, torture, and murder of women. In this particular newsgroup post, he continued with his usual contributions; however, he took it a bit further by writing about one of his fellow classmates, using her name and identity in the piece. Faculty members at

Aftermath of World War 1 - Treaty of Versailles

The World Comes to Paris In the wake of the November 11, 1918 armistice which ended hostilities on the Western Front, Allied leaders gathered in Paris to begin negotiations over the peace treaties that would formally conclude the war. Convening in the Salle de lHorloge at the French Foreign Ministry on January 18, 1919, the talks initially included leaders and representatives from over thirty nations. To this crowd was added a host of journalists and lobbyists from a variety of causes. While this unwieldy mass took part in the early meetings, it was President Woodrow Wilson of the United States, Prime Minister David Lloyd George of Britain, Prime Minister Georges Clemenceau of France, and Prime Minister Vittorio Orlando of Italy who came to dominate the talks. As defeated nations, Germany, Austria, and Hungary were prohibited from attending, as was Bolshevik Russia which was in the midst of a civil war. Wilsons Goals Arriving in Paris, Wilson became the first president to travel to Europe while in office. The basis for Wilsons position at the conference was his Fourteen Points which had been instrumental in securing the armistice. Key among these was freedom of the seas, equality of trade, arms limitation, self-determination of peoples, and the formation of the League of Nations to mediate future disputes. Believing that he had an obligation to be a prominent figure at the conference, Wilson endeavored to create a more open and liberal world where democracy and liberty would be respected. French Concerns for the Conference While Wilson sought a softer peace for Germany, Clemenceau and the French wished to permanently weaken their neighbor economically and militarily. In addition to the return of Alsace-Lorraine, which had been taken by Germany following the Franco-Prussian War (1870-1871), Clemenceau argued in favor of heavy war reparations and the separation of the Rhineland to create buffer state between France and Germany. Furthermore, Clemenceau sought British and American assurances of aid should Germany ever attack France. The British Approach While Lloyd George supported the need for war reparations, his goals for the conference were more specific than his American and French allies. Concerned first and foremost for the preservation of the British Empire, Lloyd George sought to settle territorial issues, ensure the security of France, and remove the threat of the German High Seas Fleet. While he favored the formation of the League of Nations, he discouraged Wilsons call for self-determination as it could adversely affect Britains colonies. Italys Goals The weakest of the four major victorious powers, Italy sought to ensure that it received the territory that it had been promised by the Treaty of London in 1915. This largely consisted of the Trentino, Tyrol (including Istria and Trieste), and the Dalmatian coast excluding Fiume. Heavy Italian losses and a severe budget deficit as a result of the war led to a belief that these concessions had been earned. During the talks in Paris, Orlando was constantly hampered by his inability to speak English. The Negotiations For the early part of the conference, many of the key decisions were made by the Council of Ten which was comprised of the leaders and foreign ministers of the United States, Britain, France, Italy, and Japan. In March, it was decided that this body was too unwieldy to be effective. As a result, many of the foreign ministers and nations left conference, with talks continuing between Wilson, Lloyd George, Clemenceau, and Orlando. Key among the departures was Japan, whose emissaries were angered by a lack of respect and the conferences unwillingness to adopt a racial equality clause for the Covenant of the League of Nations. The group shrank further when the Italy was offered Trentino to the Brenner, the Dalmatian port of Zara, the island of Lagosta, and a few small German colonies in lieu of what was originally promised. Irate over this and the groups unwillingness to give Italy Fiume, Orlando departed Paris and returned home. As the talks progressed, Wilson was increasingly unable to garner acceptance of his Fourteen Points. In an effort to appease the American leader, Lloyd George and Clemenceau consented to the formation of the League of Nations. With several of the participants goals conflicting, the talks moved slowly and ultimately produced a treaty which failed to please any of the nations involved. On April 29, a German delegation, led by Foreign Minister Ulrich Graf von Brockdorff-Rantzau, was summoned to Versailles to receive the treaty. Upon learning of the content, the Germans protested that they had not been allowed to participate in the talks. Deeming the treatys terms a violation of honor, they withdrew from the proceedings. Terms of the Treaty of Versailles The conditions imposed upon Germany by the Treaty of Versailles were severe and wide-ranging. Germanys military was to be limited to 100,000 men, while the once formidable Kaiserliche Marine was reduced to no more than six battleships (not to exceed 10,000 tons), 6 cruisers, 6 destroyers, and 12 torpedo boats. In addition, production of military aircraft, tanks, armored cars, and poison gas was prohibited. Territorially, Alsace-Lorraine was returned to France, while numerous other changes reduced Germanys size. Key among these was the loss of West Prussia to the new nation of Poland while Danzig was made a free city to ensure Polish access to the sea. The province of Saarland was transferred to League of Nations control for a period of fifteen years. At the end of this period, a plebiscite was to determine whether it returned to Germany or was made part of France. Financially, Germany was issued a war reparations bill totaling  £6.6 billion (later reduced to  £4.49 billion in 1921). This number was determined by the Inter-Allied Reparations Commission. While Wilson took a more conciliatory view on this issue, Lloyd George had worked to increase the demanded amount. The reparations required by the treaty included not only money, but a variety of goods such as steel, coal, intellectual property, and agricultural produce. This mixed approach was an effort to prevent hyperinflation in postwar Germany which would decrease the value of the reparations. Several legal restrictions were also imposed, most notably Article 231 which laid sole responsibility for the war on Germany. A controversial part of the treaty, its inclusion had been opposed by Wilson and it became known as the War Guilt Clause. Part 1 of the treaty formed the Covenant of the League of Nations which was to govern the new international organization. German Reaction Signing In Germany, the treaty provoked universal outrage, particularly Article 231. Having concluded the armistice in expectation of a treaty embodying the Fourteen Points, Germans took to the streets in protest. Unwilling to sign it, the nations first democratically-elected chancellor, Philipp Scheidemann, resigned on June 20 forcing Gustav Bauer to form a new coalition government. Assessing his options, Bauer was soon informed that army was not capable of offering meaningful resistance. Lacking any other options, he dispatched Foreign Minister Hermann Mà ¼ller and Johannes Bell to Versailles. The treaty was signed in the Hall of Mirrors, where the German Empire had been proclaimed in 1871, on June 28. It was ratified by the National Assembly on July 9. Allied Reaction to the Treaty Upon release of the terms, many in France were displeased and believed that Germany had been treated too leniently. Among those who commented was Marshal Ferdinand Foch who predicted with eerie precision that This is not Peace. It is an Armistice for twenty years. As a result of their displeasure, Clemenceau was voted out of office in January 1920. While the treaty was better received in London, it ran into strong opposition in Washington. The Republican chairman of the Senate Foreign Relations Committee, Senator Henry Cabot Lodge, worked vigorously to block its ratification. Believing that Germany had been let off too easily, Lodge also opposed the United States participation in the League of Nations on constitutional grounds. As Wilson had intentionally excluded Republicans from his peace delegation and refused to consider Lodges changes to the treaty, the opposition found strong support in Congress. Despite Wilsons efforts and appeals to the public, the Senate voted against the tr eaty on November 19, 1919. The US formally made peace through the Knox-Porter Resolution which was passed in 1921. Though Wilsons League of Nations moved forward, it did so without American participation and never became an effective arbiter of world peace. The Map Changed While the Treaty of Versailles ended conflict with Germany, the Treaties of Saint-German and Trianon concluded the war with Austria and Hungary. With the collapse of the Austro-Hungarian Empire a wealth of new nations took shape in addition to the separation of Hungary and Austria. Key among these was Czechoslovakia and Yugoslavia. To the north, Poland emerged as an independent state as did Finland, Latvia, Estonia, and Lithuania. In the east, the Ottoman Empire made peace through the Treaties of Sà ¨vres and Lausanne. Long the sick man of Europe, the Ottoman Empire was reduced in size to Turkey, while France and Britain were given mandates over Syria, Mesopotamia, and Palestine. Having aided the aided in defeating the Ottomans, the Arabs were given their own state to the south. A Stab in the Back As the postwar Germany (Weimer Republic) moved forward, resentment over the end of the war and the Treaty of Versailles continued to fester. This coalesced in the stab-in-the back legend which stated that Germanys defeat was not the fault of the military but rather due to a lack of support at home from anti-war politicians and the sabotaging of the war effort by Jews, Socialists, and Bolsheviks. As such, these parties were seen to have stabbed the military in the back as it fought the Allies. The myth was given further credence by the fact that German forces had won the war on the Eastern Front and were still on French and Belgian soil when the armistice was signed. Resonating among conservatives, nationalists, and former-military, the concept became a powerful motivating force and was embraced by the emerging National Socialist Party (Nazis). This resentment, coupled with the economic collapse of Germany due to reparation-caused hyperinflation during the 1920s, facilitated the rise of the Nazis to power under Adolf Hitler. As such, the Treaty of Versailles may be seen as leading to many of the causes of World War II in Europe. As Foch had feared, the treaty simply served as a twenty-year armistice with World War II beginning in 1939.

No More Title IX and Sexual Assault on College Campuses

The faces flash by on the computer screen. The women on the screen are differents shapes, sizes, ages, and colors. However, there is one thing that all the women have in common: they have all been sexually assaulted on a college campus. More than one in five women were sexually assaulted on college campuses (Mott, Par. 1). It has been proven that programs in schools can help prevent these statistics from growing. However, more needs to be done to prevent sexual assault on educational facilities because the current programs are not fulfilling their purpose. Sexual assault is defined as â€Å"any type of sexual contact or behavior that occurs without the explicit consent of the recipient.† (â€Å"Sexual Assault†, 2nd heading). An average of 237,868†¦show more content†¦Firstly, how is law enforcement supposed to prosecute victims if the crimes are never reported? Secondly, the women who don’t report these crimes are only hurting themselves in the long run. There needs to be a campaign to ensure that these crimes are being reported, perhaps by offering a reward to the women who speak up. Another solution is to put more serious punishments for culprits into action. This is a tactic used commonly by law enforcement officers, using the philosophy that if the punishment is more valuable than the â€Å"reward†, people will hopefully be less likely to attempt sexual harassment crimes. It is also a lot more â€Å"fair† if the punishment is more severe. The victim will be affected for their whole life because of the harassment, it only makes sense that the punishment should also be life affecting. Frustratingly, these days, some people still treat sexual assault as an â€Å"okay† thing, making comments such as â€Å"she was asking for it† and that she was â€Å"equally responsible† for the situation. This is exactly the sort of mindset that is contributing to the startling statistics today. In order for this problem to be solved, the American public needs to understand the serious effects of sexual harassment. One of these serious effects is a heightened risk of suicidal thoughts and attempted suicide. About 33% of rape victims have suicidal thoughts. (â€Å"Rape†, line 19) About 13% of rape victims will attempt suicide. (â€Å"Rape†, line 20) Adding theseShow MoreRelatedRape Culture Essay1198 Words   |  5 PagesRape culture is prevalent on all college campuses, and many fail to realize this and what rape culture is. It is in the party scene, athletics, in dorm rooms, and everywhere else around campus. It is the acceptance of sexual jokes, saying â€Å"she was asking for it because of what she was wearing,† not taking sexual assault seriously, and so much more. Rape Culture is an environment in which rape is prevalent and in which sexual violence against women is normalized and excused in the media and popularRead MoreEssay On Title IX807 Words   |  4 Pagesoverturn Title IX rulings made by the Obama administration and advocating for better representation for those accused of sexual assault and misconduct. In 2011 the Department of Education released a â€Å"Dear Colleague† letter aimed at reminding educators of a fact established by the Supreme Court: under Title IX, schools much ensure survivors of sexual assault can stay in school and learn safely and notified colleges and university that the federal government was going to be aggressive on sexual misconductRead MoreInternational Students And Title Ix Essay1499 Words   |  6 PagesInternational Students and Title IX Current data and statistics involving sexual assaults on college campuses are very sad and depressing. According to Monique DiCarlo, who used data from the Department of Justice, 1 in 5 women are likely to be sexually assaulted during their time on campus (M. DiCarlo, personal presentation, October 17). However, many of these assaults go unreported to authorities or the universities. Some of the reasons victims do not report are because victims do not believe theRead MoreEssay On Title IX844 Words   |  4 PagesBetsy DeVos has brought back to our attention Title IX enforcement, wanting to take away the protection and equality that it currently gives to college students under the Obama administration’s interpretation of the law. Since 1972, Title IX has implemented equality for all students in federally funded schools which includes education and athletics. This majorly increased opportunities for women athletes such as before the law was passed, there were only â€Å"32,000 women participating in intercollegiateRead MoreTitle 11 Case Study1258 Words   |  6 PagesIn recent studies dealing with Title IX versus the Obama-era policies on handling sexual misconduct, arguments of preponderance of evidence and clear and convincing evidence are up for debate in terms of which protocol should be used. It is clear that due to the tenacity of college rape procedures, such as ways these cases should be handled, needs to be the court mandate of preponderance of evidence due to these situations occurring not only when a camera or second party isn’t around but createsRead MoreEssay On Guidance Changes858 Words   |  4 PagesDoes Title IX Need Changed? An argument has emerged in the United States regarding the title IX guidance changes of 2011. In 2011 the Obama administration changed some guidelines about sexual assault in title IX. These changes would include many changes that colleges would have to make to comply with the new title IX rules and regulations. Since 2011 there has been questions regarding if the changes were doing what they were made to do, which was to further protect each party. Some people believeRead MoreSexual Assault And Harassment Incidents Essay1877 Words   |  8 PagesImagine you are a female student, about to start college for the first time. You are excited because you finally get to leave home and live somewhere other than with your parents. You get to live with friends in dorm rooms – dorm rooms that might be co-ed. Not only do you have to handle the struggle between classwork such as homework and studying, but now, you also have the possibility of needing to maintain a job and facing the temp tation of college parties. However, if you are at a party, study groupRead MoreSexual Assault At Boston University2323 Words   |  10 PagesWhile there is no documented first case of sexual assault at Boston University, it is clear that it was becoming a national problem by the 1970’s. As early as 1957 Eugene Kanin produced a study prompted by male aggression on university campus’s. In the study Kanin analyzed cases of one hundred and sixty two girls that felt they had been sexually abused on campus. Scholarly literature presented sexual assault on college campus’s by 1957 (Kamentz). In the 1960’s the violent crime rate skyrocketed acrossRead MoreSexual Violence and Assults on Campus Essay793 Words   |  4 Pagescombat sexual violence, each year 4,000 college women report to school officials that theyve been sexually assaulted. What happens after they file those reports has stirred debate on campuses across the country, leaving parents and students fe arful that colleges may not be the ivory towers of security and integrity that appear on their recruitment pamphlets. Schools vary widely on how they fulfill federal requirements on how to report and respond to sexual victimization. Many colleges in OregonRead MoreBecoming The Chief Title Ix Commissioner1689 Words   |  7 PagesI am interested in becoming the Chief Title IX Commissioner for a variety of reasons. First and foremost, I believe strongly in educating college aged students on the dangers of being away from home and how to protect themselves. We as a university have made recent strides to bring more attention to a growing problem on every college campus, sexual assault. Creating the Title IX commission in the last year, we have collectively took steps to add prevention methods. I hope to continue this action

My Initial Interest Of Special Education - 1145 Words

My initial interest in special education seamlessly developed from a strong desire to serve my community, evolving through my work as a Behavior Interventionist. I recall my first session with a six-year-old boy diagnosed with classical autism. Developmentally, there was an impairment in social interaction, and profound lack of spoken language attempting communicate through gestures. As my first student, he definitely brought new challenges, but the momentum he was gaining through our services was completely fascinating. Our commitment to continually build upon new skills vitalized my purpose to serve this community through Applied Behavior Analysis (ABA) with unrelenting zeal. By the end of our first year together, my student was†¦show more content†¦I learned to not just lean on my own understanding, but rather accept support and be patient in affliction. Just as someone used their gifts to serve me during my hardships, I responded with fervor to do the same, leading me to serving others through ABA. At this point, I felt that it was more important to first gain fundamental experience by focusing on teaching methodologies in order to be successful in the MSED in Special Education. In the past year and a half, I have worked with numerous children on the autism spectrum, varying in symptoms and levels of impairment; however, the majority of methods I utilize are primarily for students with mild-moderate autism. A large percentage of my students participate in small group sessions, which emphasize the development of social-emotional behavioral growth, to introduce appropriate behavior in natural social situations. My youngest client, 3, up to my adult client, 25, participate in a weekly group session tailored to his/her age, needs, and developmental levels to effectively provide the tools to meet such unique needs. By participating in a small group session, I am able to analyze the differences and similarities of children with exceptionality, then utilize the data collected to assi st developing individualized intervention strategies. By focusing on building background knowledge in this field, I bridged a relationship between experience and fundamental framework ofShow MoreRelatedTeaching Certificate For Special Education936 Words   |  4 Pagessubstitute teacher, and tutor, I had not considered the field of special education. However, six months ago I accepted an offer to work as an exceptional children teaching assistant. Now I am surprised that my goal is to obtain a teaching license in special education; but in hindsight, I should not be because of this field’s correlation to my past interests and experiences. After completing high school, I did not want to delay my college education so I began work on a pre-liberal arts degree at a communityRead MoreUniversity Of North Carolina - Greensboro Pail Program904 Words   |  4 Pagesteacher, and tutor, I still had not considered the field of special education. However, six months ago I accepted an offer to work as an exceptional children’s teaching assistant. Now I am surprised that my goal is to obtain a teaching license in special education; but in hindsight, I should not be because of this field’s correlation to my past interests and experiences. After completing high school, I did not want to delay my college education so I began work on a pre-liberal arts degree at the communityRead MoreImproving My Student s Learning Essay779 Words   |  4 Pagestick, what their struggles and strengths are, and what interests they have. I want to enhance those satisfying moments when children are learning, and minimize the frustrations. 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Stefan’s Diaries Origins Chapter 34 Free Essays

I watched in satisfaction as Damon lustily drank, his tentative sips becoming gulps as he held his face down to Alice’s neck. As Alice’s nearly lifeless body grew white, a healthy flush rose in Damon’s cheeks. As Damon drank the last drops of Alice’s blood, I took a few steps outside the shack. We will write a custom essay sample on Stefan’s Diaries: Origins Chapter 34 or any similar topic only for you Order Now I glanced around in wonder. Just last night, the area had seemed desolate, but now I realized that it teemed with life–the scent of animals in the forest, the flap of birds overhead, the sound of Damon’s and my heartbeats. This spot–this whole world–was full of possibility. My ring glimmered in the moonlight, and I brought it to my lips. Katherine had given me eternal life. Father always had told us to find our power, to find our place in the world. And I had, though Father hadn’t been able to accept it. I took a deep breath, and the coppery scent of blood filled my nostrils. I turned as Damon stepped out from the shack. He seemed taller and stronger than even a few moments ago. I noticed that he had a matching ring on his middle finger. â€Å"How do you feel?† I asked, waiting for him to see everything I saw. Damon turned away from me and walked toward the water. He knelt down and cupped the liquid to his mouth, washing away the remnants of blood on his lips. I crouched next to him at the edge of the pond. â€Å"Isn’t it amazing?† I asked. â€Å"It’s a whole new world, and it’s ours. Forever!† I said, giddy. Damon and I would never have to grow older. Never have to die. â€Å"Y ou’re right,† Damon said slowly, as if he were speaking in an unfamiliar language. â€Å"We’ll explore it together. Just think. We can go to Europe, explore the world, get away from Virginia and memories†¦.† I touched his shoulder. Damon turned to face me, his eyes wide. I stepped back, suddenly fearful. There was something different about him, a foreignness in his dark eyes. â€Å"Are you happy now, brother?† Damon snorted derisively. I took a step toward him. â€Å"Y ou’d rather be dead than have this whole world for the taking? Y ou should be thanking me!† Fury flashed in his eyes. â€Å"Thanking you? I never asked you to make my life a hell from which I can’t escape,† he said, spitting each word into the pond. Suddenly he pulled me into a hug with such strength that I gasped. â€Å"But hear this, brother,† he hissed in my ear. â€Å"Though we will be together for an eternity, I will make an eternity of misery for you.† With that, he released me from his grip and sprinted into the dark forest. As his form disappeared into the black shadows of the trees, a single crow rose from the woods. It let out a plaintive shriek, and then it was gone. Suddenly, in a world that mere moments ago had teemed with possibility, I was utterly alone. EPILOGUE October 1864 When I try to reconstruct that moment when I succumbed to my Power and destroyed my relationship with Damon, I imagine a split second of silence. In that second, Damon turned around, our eyes connected, and we made peace. But there was no silence, nor would there ever be again. Now I constantly hear the rustling of animals in the forest, the quickening of breath that occurs when any being knows danger is near, the pitter-patter-pause of a heart stopping. I also hear my thoughts, tumbling and colliding against each other like ocean waves. If only I hadn’t been weak when Katherine stared into my eyes. If only I hadn’t gone back to see Father. If only I hadn’t made Damon drink. But I did. The fallout of those choices is a mantle that only grows darker and more nuanced with age. And I must live with the consequences of my misdeeds for eternity. LUSTING AFTER MORE OF STEFAN’S DIARIES? TURN THE PAGE FOR A SNEAK PEEK OF BLOODLUST, COMING JANUARY 2011. 1 It was October. The leaves on the trees in the cemetery had turned a decayed brown, and a cold breeze had whistled in, replacing the stifling heat of Virginia summer. Not that I much felt it. As a vampire, the only temperature my body registered was that of the hot blood from my latest victim coiling through my veins. I stood beneath the limbs of a large oak, a light mist swirling around my ankles, my shirt and hands sticky with the fresh blood of the girl I carried in my arms. My brother, Damon, lay prone at the base of the tree, his black eyes staring blankly up at me. It had been days since I’d last forced him to feed. His body had taken on a chalky texture, blood vessels twisting darkly under his skin like cracks. Even now, as I dropped the nearly dead girl at his feet, I had to drape his right arm across her stomach to keep him from rolling over onto his back. Were it not for the blood that had purpled her dress, they would have looked like two lovers holding each other. â€Å"I hate you with everything I am,† he whispered into her ear, though I knew his words were meant for me. She stirred but didn’t open her eyes. â€Å"Y need your strength,† I said. â€Å"Drink.† He breathed in and his shoulders went limp. The metallic scent of her blood hung heavy in the air around us. â€Å"That isn’t strength,† he said, his eyes fluttering shut. â€Å"It’s weakness.† â€Å"Stefan †¦Ã¢â‚¬  This from the girl, Clementine Haverford, who reached a trembling hand out to me, her own sweet blood glistening like a silk glove around her fingers. Last summer, Clementine and I kissed in the shadows of the Wickery Bridge after one of the games Damon had dreamed up for us. She’d allowed my hand to graze the bodice of her blue muslin dress. I kneeled down and tucked a few loose strands of hair behind her ear. A voice somewhere in my mind told me that I should feel regret over taking her life, but I felt nothing. â€Å"You’re a monster,† Damon said, keeping his lips as far as possible from the blood that seeped from Clementine’s neck. â€Å"Forever is a long time to deny what you are,† I told him. From where we crouched in the hemlock grove, I could see my old neighbors milling around stone grave markers in the very center of the cemetery. My heightened vampire senses allowed me to pick through the crowd of townspeople. Honoria Fells sniffed into a lace handkerchief. Sheriff Forbes kept his hand on his holster. Jonathan Gilbert cleared his throat and flicked open a pocket watch. My head throbbed with every whisper, like the world was breathing secrets directly into my eardrums. Mayor Lockwood stood separate from the others, eulogizing our father, Giuseppe Salvatore –the man who had killed me and Damon, his only family, in cold blood. Father believed vampires to be utterly, unredeemably evil, and so he condemned us to death for trying to save Katherine Pierce, the vampire with whom we’d both fallen in love–the vampire who’d changed us to be like her. Lockwood’s voice sliced through the raindrops that had just begun to fall. â€Å"We come together today to say farewell to one of Mystic Falls’ greatest sons, Giuseppe Salvatore, a man for whom town and family always came before self.† They stood before a gaping hole in the earth. Father would be wearing the suit he wore to church on Sundays, the black one. With the wide lapels that came together just at the point where I’d accidentally cut him open when he came at me with a stake. I could just make out the winged figure above him, the angel statue that marked my mother’s final resting place. Two empty plots lay just beyond, where Damon and I should have been buried. â€Å"It shan’t be possible to picture this hero’s life,† Lockwood continued, â€Å"but in a portrait in which Giuseppe is flanked by his two fallen sons, heroes of the Battle of Willow Creek.† Damon let out a low, rattling scoff. â€Å"The portrait he paints,† he muttered, â€Å"should contain the muzzle flash of Father’s rifle.† He rubbed the place where Father’s bullet had ripped through his chest only a week earlier. Mayor Lockwood looked out over his congregation. â€Å"A menace has descended on Mystic Falls, and only a brave few have risen to the challenge of protecting all that we hold dear. Jonathan, Giuseppe, and I stood shoulder to shoulder against the threat. Now we must heed Giuseppe’s last words as a call to arms.† Lockwood’s voice dragged with it the scent of smoky, blackened wood from the destroyed church on the opposite side of the cemetery. He was talking, ostensibly, about the groups of Union and Confederate soldiers who had been nipping about our part of Virginia for months, but there was no mistaking that he really meant vampires. Vampires like the ones Damon and I had been shot trying to free, like the ones Damon and I had become. â€Å"I could do it,† I told Damon. â€Å"I could run out there and tear out all of their throats before they knew it.† â€Å"What’s stopping you, brother?† he hissed. I knew his encouragement came only from the possibility of me dying in the act. I held my breath and listened to Damon’s panting, to the droning lies rising from Father’s plot, and to some kind of clicking, like a watch or a fingernail tapping against a mausoleum wall. I wasn’t used to the rawness of my senses; the world gave me so much more as a vampire than it had as a human. â€Å"Come,† I said, putting an arm around him. â€Å"Let’s get one last look at Mystic Falls’ finest citizens.† He didn’t say anything but leaned into me, allowing me to hold him up as we moved from Clementine’s bleeding body toward the grave site. We were just at a mausoleum a hundred yards from Father’s grave when Lockwood introduced Gilbert to recite a prayer. Gilbert licked his lips. As he read some prayer or another out loud, I noticed the clicking once more. It picked up in speed as we neared the crowd. The clicking was now a steady, insistent rattle –and it seemed to be coming directly from Jonathan’s hand. Then, with my mother’s wings stretched wide behind him, Jonathan Gilbert consulted the clicking object in his palm. My blood ran cold. The compass. Jonathan had created a compass that, rather than pointing north, identified vampires. Suddenly, Jonathan looked up. His eyes locked on Damon and me instantly. â€Å"Demon!† He let out an unholy shriek and pointed in our direction. â€Å"I think he means us, brother,† Damon said with a short laugh. How to cite Stefan’s Diaries: Origins Chapter 34, Essay examples

Mean Spirit Essay Example For Students

Mean Spirit Essay Mean Spirit/ Linda Hogan/ 1990Our story takes place on an oil-rich Native American town, called Watona, on a reservation in Oklahoma. The course of the story extends from 1918 to the mid-twenties. There is a multitude of characters that accompany this story. One of the most important characters is Nola Blanket, a young teenager who is a full-blooded Osage Indian. She is a very delicate girl but still very strong. Her mother, Grace Blanket, is a very beautiful, well-liked young woman who is very outgoing and fun-loving. Belle Graycloud is a feisty, strong-willed Indian woman. She is well respected and is the commanding grandmother of her household. Her family is very close to the Blankets, who are distant cousins. Belles daughter, Lettie, is a close friend of Grace. Letties lover, Benoit, is an Osage man that is married to Graces crippled sister, Sara Blanket; but he is more like a brother and caretaker to her than he is a husband. Michael Horse is the fire keeper of the Osage tribe, but he also writes in his spare time. He is an old man who observes everything around him and writes it down in his journals. Stace Red Hawk is a Sioux Indian that works for the FBI. He became a federal agent in hopes of helping the Native Americans and protecting them from being taken advantage of. John Hale is a tall, lanky white rancher and oilman. He is trusted by the Indians, and seems to be a generous and helpful person. Watona was a small Indian town that prospered due to the rich rivers of oil flowing beneath it. As part of the Dawes Act, each Indian was allowed to choose an allotment of land not already claimed by white Americans. Although the 160 acres of land per Indian seemed generous, the land was barren and dry. The government did not know, however, that black oil seeped up out of the earth, and many Indians became very wealthy because of their worthless pieces of land. As a result of the Indians wealth, hundreds of white businessmen, fortune-hunters, traders, thieves, and swindlers swarmed to the reservation to make cash. When Grace Blanket is murdered by John Hale on a warm summer morning, it is made to look like a suicide and the local law enforcement passes it off as such. Nola and her friend Rena saw Nolas mother chased down and shot, but the Indians know that they must not bring it to the law or they will risk Nolas life. Belle takes in Nola as her own and sees that Nola is safe. Myster iously, men from the nearby Osage tribe appear to keep watch over Nola in her time of vulnerability. The story progresses as more murders occur and the situation gets more and more rotten. Sara Blanket is killed in an explosion and Benoit is framed as the culprit. Other local Osage people are found dead, inexplicably, and foul play is afoot. It is more than coincidence that many of these people had dealings with John Hale, who often benefited from their deaths. But nobody has any proof of the murders, so Mr. Hale gets away with his dirty deeds. Stace Red Hawk is sent down from Washington, D.C. by the FBI to investigate the murders. As he spends more time with the Indian people, he slowly loses the ways of the white world and becomes in touch with his real self. He meets Michael Horse, who is adding his own chapter to the Bible because he feels that it has left out crucial elements. Horse is a seer, and he often foresees events that nobody else knows about. Horse is also trying to uncover the mystery that is tearing the Osage community apart. .u35687624bfe2620f85825cb9b69250b9 , .u35687624bfe2620f85825cb9b69250b9 .postImageUrl , .u35687624bfe2620f85825cb9b69250b9 .centered-text-area { min-height: 80px; position: relative; } .u35687624bfe2620f85825cb9b69250b9 , .u35687624bfe2620f85825cb9b69250b9:hover , .u35687624bfe2620f85825cb9b69250b9:visited , .u35687624bfe2620f85825cb9b69250b9:active { border:0!important; } .u35687624bfe2620f85825cb9b69250b9 .clearfix:after { content: ""; display: table; clear: both; } .u35687624bfe2620f85825cb9b69250b9 { display: block; transition: background-color 250ms; webkit-transition: background-color 250ms; width: 100%; opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #95A5A6; } .u35687624bfe2620f85825cb9b69250b9:active , .u35687624bfe2620f85825cb9b69250b9:hover { opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #2C3E50; } .u35687624bfe2620f85825cb9b69250b9 .centered-text-area { width: 100%; position: relative ; } .u35687624bfe2620f85825cb9b69250b9 .ctaText { border-bottom: 0 solid #fff; color: #2980B9; font-size: 16px; font-weight: bold; margin: 0; padding: 0; text-decoration: underline; } .u35687624bfe2620f85825cb9b69250b9 .postTitle { color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 600; margin: 0; padding: 0; width: 100%; } .u35687624bfe2620f85825cb9b69250b9 .ctaButton { background-color: #7F8C8D!important; color: #2980B9; border: none; border-radius: 3px; box-shadow: none; font-size: 14px; font-weight: bold; line-height: 26px; moz-border-radius: 3px; text-align: center; text-decoration: none; text-shadow: none; width: 80px; min-height: 80px; background: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/plugins/intelly-related-posts/assets/images/simple-arrow.png)no-repeat; position: absolute; right: 0; top: 0; } .u35687624bfe2620f85825cb9b69250b9:hover .ctaButton { background-color: #34495E!important; } .u35687624bfe2620f85825cb9b69250b9 .centered-text { display: table; height: 80px; padding-left : 18px; top: 0; } .u35687624bfe2620f85825cb9b69250b9 .u35687624bfe2620f85825cb9b69250b9-content { display: table-cell; margin: 0; padding: 0; padding-right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-align: middle; width: 100%; } .u35687624bfe2620f85825cb9b69250b9:after { content: ""; display: block; clear: both; } READ: Genocide in Rwanda EssayAfter years of searching, the combined efforts of Stace, Michael, Belle, and Lettie yield enough clues to put John Hale on trial. John is convicted and it seems that everyone is finally safe. One night, Belles husband Moses wakes up, and he knows right away that something is wrong with his twin sister. He finds that her husband was in on the conspiracy and that he has shot her. The family realizes that they are still in danger, and they escape the house just before it explodes. They leave town with nothing but their lives, and they are happy for that. I really enjoyed reading this story. It was a good insight on how the U.S. legal system was once so flawed that it allowed murderers and thieves to take advantage of the Indian nations. It angers me to know that to this day, many of the Native American people are still separated from what is rightfully theirs. We think that we are a civilized, compassionate nation, but it was less than a century ago that we allowed such savagery to take place. We didnt even recognize the Indians as people. What I found to be particularly inspiring was the portrayal of the Osage religion and beliefs. I was fascinated by the Indians ways of life and their philosophies. I think the author did an excellent job of showing how right the Indians were in their beliefs. There were some problems with the story; although they arent crucial to the plot, they did leave me feeling a bit cheated. The story switches around to a lot of characters, and there are a lot of subplots that open up. The book ends very abruptly, and that would not be so bad if it had tied up some of the loose ends first. It didnt though. I ended up following all of these characters through the story and then it got cut off, making it seem pointless to have focused on half of the people in the book. I ended up following them and then they didnt get any closure, so I feel like it took away from the experience. Its like watching the Superbowl, but never knowing who wins because the t.v. explodes during the last few minutes. I have seen a few minutes of the movie Thunderheart, which I think might be based off of this book. I am actually interested in seeing it now because I know that both stories include an Indian FBI agent who is sent to investigate murders on a reservation. It will be interesting to see just how closely the two match up. Book Reports